There is / There are
Var/yok yapısı: bir yerde bir şeyin var veya yok olduğunu ifade etme kuralları.
Tanım
<h4 style="color:#6c2bd9;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;margin:0 0 12px;">There is / There are Nedir?</h4>
<p>Türkçe'deki <strong>"var" ve "yok"</strong> ifadelerinin İngilizce karşılığıdır. Bir yerde bir şeyin <strong>var olduğunu veya olmadığını</strong> belirtmek için kullanılır.</p>
<h4 style="color:#6c2bd9;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;margin:20px 0 10px;">Yapı</h4>
<div style="display:flex;gap:10px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-bottom:16px;">
<div style="flex:1;min-width:200px;background:#ede9ff;border-radius:12px;padding:16px;">
<strong style="color:#6c2bd9;font-size:15px;">There is (There's)</strong><br><span style="font-size:13px;">Tekil ve sayılamaz isimler için</span><br>
<em style="font-size:13px;">There <strong>is</strong> a book on the table.</em><br>
<em style="font-size:13px;">There <strong>is</strong> some water in the glass.</em></div>
<div style="flex:1;min-width:200px;background:#d9faf2;border-radius:12px;padding:16px;">
<strong style="color:#06d6a0;font-size:15px;">There are</strong><br><span style="font-size:13px;">Çoğul isimler için</span><br>
<em style="font-size:13px;">There <strong>are</strong> three books on the table.</em><br>
<em style="font-size:13px;">There <strong>are</strong> many students here.</em></div></div>
<h4 style="color:#6c2bd9;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;margin:20px 0 10px;">Olumlu / Olumsuz / Soru</h4>
<div style="background:#fff;border:1.5px solid #e8e4ff;border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:16px;">
<table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13px;">
<tr style="background:#ede9ff;"><th style="padding:10px;"></th><th style="padding:10px;">Tekil</th><th style="padding:10px;">Çoğul</th></tr>
<tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #e8e4ff;"><td style="padding:10px;"><strong style="color:#06d6a0;">Olumlu</strong></td><td style="padding:10px;">There <strong>is</strong> a cat.</td><td style="padding:10px;">There <strong>are</strong> two cats.</td></tr>
<tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #e8e4ff;"><td style="padding:10px;"><strong style="color:#f72585;">Olumsuz</strong></td><td style="padding:10px;">There <strong>isn't</strong> a cat.</td><td style="padding:10px;">There <strong>aren't</strong> any cats.</td></tr>
<tr><td style="padding:10px;"><strong style="color:#4361ee;">Soru</strong></td><td style="padding:10px;"><strong>Is</strong> there a cat?</td><td style="padding:10px;"><strong>Are</strong> there any cats?</td></tr></table></div>
<h4 style="color:#6c2bd9;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;margin:20px 0 10px;">Kullanım Alanları</h4>
<ul style="padding-left:20px;line-height:2.2;">
<li><strong>Bir yerdeki varlıkları tanımlama:</strong><br><em>There <strong>is</strong> a hospital near my house.</em> (Evimin yakınında bir hastane var)</li>
<li><strong>Bir mekandaki nesneleri sayma:</strong><br><em>There <strong>are</strong> 30 students in our class.</em> (Sınıfımızda 30 öğrenci var)</li>
<li><strong>Sayılamaz isimlerle:</strong><br><em>There <strong>is</strong> some milk in the fridge.</em> (Buzdolabında biraz süt var)</li>
<li><strong>Yokluk bildirme:</strong><br><em>There <strong>isn't</strong> any sugar.</em> (Hiç şeker yok)</li>
<li><strong>Sorma:</strong><br><em><strong>Is</strong> there a supermarket near here?</em> (Yakında süpermarket var mı?)</li>
</ul>
<h4 style="color:#6c2bd9;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;margin:20px 0 10px;">Some / Any Kuralı</h4>
<div style="display:flex;gap:10px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-bottom:16px;">
<div style="flex:1;min-width:180px;background:#d9faf2;border-radius:12px;padding:14px;">
<strong style="color:#06d6a0;">SOME</strong><br><span style="font-size:12px;">Olumlu cümlelerde</span><br>
<em style="font-size:12px;">There are <strong>some</strong> apples.</em></div>
<div style="flex:1;min-width:180px;background:#fde8f3;border-radius:12px;padding:14px;">
<strong style="color:#f72585;">ANY</strong><br><span style="font-size:12px;">Olumsuz ve soru cümlelerinde</span><br>
<em style="font-size:12px;">There aren't <strong>any</strong> apples. Are there <strong>any</strong> apples?</em></div></div>
<h4 style="color:#6c2bd9;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;margin:20px 0 10px;">Geçmiş Zaman: There was / There were</h4>
<div style="background:#fef3dc;border-radius:12px;padding:16px;margin-bottom:16px;">
<p style="margin:0 0 6px;font-size:13px;"><strong>There was</strong> + tekil: <em>There <strong>was</strong> a park here.</em> (Burada bir park vardı)</p>
<p style="margin:0;font-size:13px;"><strong>There were</strong> + çoğul: <em>There <strong>were</strong> many trees.</em> (Çok ağaç vardı)</p></div>
<h4 style="color:#f72585;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;margin:20px 0 10px;">⚠ Yaygın Hatalar</h4>
<div style="border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:10px;"><div style="display:flex;gap:0;">
<div style="flex:1;background:#fde8f3;padding:10px 14px;font-size:13px;"><strong style="color:#f72585;">❌</strong> There <s>are</s> a book.</div>
<div style="flex:1;background:#d9faf2;padding:10px 14px;font-size:13px;"><strong style="color:#06d6a0;">✔</strong> There <strong>is</strong> a book.</div></div></div>
<div style="border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:10px;"><div style="display:flex;gap:0;">
<div style="flex:1;background:#fde8f3;padding:10px 14px;font-size:13px;"><strong style="color:#f72585;">❌</strong> <s>Have</s> a park near here.</div>
<div style="flex:1;background:#d9faf2;padding:10px 14px;font-size:13px;"><strong style="color:#06d6a0;">✔</strong> <strong>There is</strong> a park near here.</div></div></div>
<div style="border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden;"><div style="display:flex;gap:0;">
<div style="flex:1;background:#fde8f3;padding:10px 14px;font-size:13px;"><strong style="color:#f72585;">❌</strong> There is <s>some</s> books.</div>
<div style="flex:1;background:#d9faf2;padding:10px 14px;font-size:13px;"><strong style="color:#06d6a0;">✔</strong> There are some books.</div></div></div>
<p>Türkçe'deki <strong>"var" ve "yok"</strong> ifadelerinin İngilizce karşılığıdır. Bir yerde bir şeyin <strong>var olduğunu veya olmadığını</strong> belirtmek için kullanılır.</p>
<h4 style="color:#6c2bd9;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;margin:20px 0 10px;">Yapı</h4>
<div style="display:flex;gap:10px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-bottom:16px;">
<div style="flex:1;min-width:200px;background:#ede9ff;border-radius:12px;padding:16px;">
<strong style="color:#6c2bd9;font-size:15px;">There is (There's)</strong><br><span style="font-size:13px;">Tekil ve sayılamaz isimler için</span><br>
<em style="font-size:13px;">There <strong>is</strong> a book on the table.</em><br>
<em style="font-size:13px;">There <strong>is</strong> some water in the glass.</em></div>
<div style="flex:1;min-width:200px;background:#d9faf2;border-radius:12px;padding:16px;">
<strong style="color:#06d6a0;font-size:15px;">There are</strong><br><span style="font-size:13px;">Çoğul isimler için</span><br>
<em style="font-size:13px;">There <strong>are</strong> three books on the table.</em><br>
<em style="font-size:13px;">There <strong>are</strong> many students here.</em></div></div>
<h4 style="color:#6c2bd9;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;margin:20px 0 10px;">Olumlu / Olumsuz / Soru</h4>
<div style="background:#fff;border:1.5px solid #e8e4ff;border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:16px;">
<table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13px;">
<tr style="background:#ede9ff;"><th style="padding:10px;"></th><th style="padding:10px;">Tekil</th><th style="padding:10px;">Çoğul</th></tr>
<tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #e8e4ff;"><td style="padding:10px;"><strong style="color:#06d6a0;">Olumlu</strong></td><td style="padding:10px;">There <strong>is</strong> a cat.</td><td style="padding:10px;">There <strong>are</strong> two cats.</td></tr>
<tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #e8e4ff;"><td style="padding:10px;"><strong style="color:#f72585;">Olumsuz</strong></td><td style="padding:10px;">There <strong>isn't</strong> a cat.</td><td style="padding:10px;">There <strong>aren't</strong> any cats.</td></tr>
<tr><td style="padding:10px;"><strong style="color:#4361ee;">Soru</strong></td><td style="padding:10px;"><strong>Is</strong> there a cat?</td><td style="padding:10px;"><strong>Are</strong> there any cats?</td></tr></table></div>
<h4 style="color:#6c2bd9;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;margin:20px 0 10px;">Kullanım Alanları</h4>
<ul style="padding-left:20px;line-height:2.2;">
<li><strong>Bir yerdeki varlıkları tanımlama:</strong><br><em>There <strong>is</strong> a hospital near my house.</em> (Evimin yakınında bir hastane var)</li>
<li><strong>Bir mekandaki nesneleri sayma:</strong><br><em>There <strong>are</strong> 30 students in our class.</em> (Sınıfımızda 30 öğrenci var)</li>
<li><strong>Sayılamaz isimlerle:</strong><br><em>There <strong>is</strong> some milk in the fridge.</em> (Buzdolabında biraz süt var)</li>
<li><strong>Yokluk bildirme:</strong><br><em>There <strong>isn't</strong> any sugar.</em> (Hiç şeker yok)</li>
<li><strong>Sorma:</strong><br><em><strong>Is</strong> there a supermarket near here?</em> (Yakında süpermarket var mı?)</li>
</ul>
<h4 style="color:#6c2bd9;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;margin:20px 0 10px;">Some / Any Kuralı</h4>
<div style="display:flex;gap:10px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin-bottom:16px;">
<div style="flex:1;min-width:180px;background:#d9faf2;border-radius:12px;padding:14px;">
<strong style="color:#06d6a0;">SOME</strong><br><span style="font-size:12px;">Olumlu cümlelerde</span><br>
<em style="font-size:12px;">There are <strong>some</strong> apples.</em></div>
<div style="flex:1;min-width:180px;background:#fde8f3;border-radius:12px;padding:14px;">
<strong style="color:#f72585;">ANY</strong><br><span style="font-size:12px;">Olumsuz ve soru cümlelerinde</span><br>
<em style="font-size:12px;">There aren't <strong>any</strong> apples. Are there <strong>any</strong> apples?</em></div></div>
<h4 style="color:#6c2bd9;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;margin:20px 0 10px;">Geçmiş Zaman: There was / There were</h4>
<div style="background:#fef3dc;border-radius:12px;padding:16px;margin-bottom:16px;">
<p style="margin:0 0 6px;font-size:13px;"><strong>There was</strong> + tekil: <em>There <strong>was</strong> a park here.</em> (Burada bir park vardı)</p>
<p style="margin:0;font-size:13px;"><strong>There were</strong> + çoğul: <em>There <strong>were</strong> many trees.</em> (Çok ağaç vardı)</p></div>
<h4 style="color:#f72585;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;margin:20px 0 10px;">⚠ Yaygın Hatalar</h4>
<div style="border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:10px;"><div style="display:flex;gap:0;">
<div style="flex:1;background:#fde8f3;padding:10px 14px;font-size:13px;"><strong style="color:#f72585;">❌</strong> There <s>are</s> a book.</div>
<div style="flex:1;background:#d9faf2;padding:10px 14px;font-size:13px;"><strong style="color:#06d6a0;">✔</strong> There <strong>is</strong> a book.</div></div></div>
<div style="border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:10px;"><div style="display:flex;gap:0;">
<div style="flex:1;background:#fde8f3;padding:10px 14px;font-size:13px;"><strong style="color:#f72585;">❌</strong> <s>Have</s> a park near here.</div>
<div style="flex:1;background:#d9faf2;padding:10px 14px;font-size:13px;"><strong style="color:#06d6a0;">✔</strong> <strong>There is</strong> a park near here.</div></div></div>
<div style="border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden;"><div style="display:flex;gap:0;">
<div style="flex:1;background:#fde8f3;padding:10px 14px;font-size:13px;"><strong style="color:#f72585;">❌</strong> There is <s>some</s> books.</div>
<div style="flex:1;background:#d9faf2;padding:10px 14px;font-size:13px;"><strong style="color:#06d6a0;">✔</strong> There are some books.</div></div></div>
🇹🇷 Var/yok yapısı: there is (tekil/sayılamaz), there are (çoğul). Some olumlu, any olumsuz/soru.
Örnek Cümleler
There is a supermarket near my house.
There aren''t any students in the classroom.
İpucu / Tüyo
⚡ Türkçe'deki 'var' için 'have' değil 'there is/are' kullanılır! İsim tekil mi çoğul mu dikkat edin.
YDS / YÖKDİL Notu
🎯 YDS/YÖKDİL: YDS'de there is/are yapısı genellikle subject-verb agreement konusu içinde test edilir.
Hızlı Test
There ___ three cats in the garden.
İlgili Maddeler
