Reported Speech
Dolaylı anlatım: birinin söylediğini aktarma kuralları ve zaman kaydırma tablosu.
Tanım
<h4 style="color:#6c2bd9;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;margin:0 0 12px;">Reported Speech Nedir?</h4>
<p>Reported Speech (Dolaylı Anlatım), birinin söylediğini <strong>kendi cümlemizle aktarmaktır</strong>. Aktarırken zamanlar bir adım geriye kayar.</p>
<h4 style="color:#6c2bd9;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;margin:20px 0 10px;">Zaman Kaydırma Tablosu</h4>
<div style="background:#fff;border:1.5px solid #e8e4ff;border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:16px;">
<table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13px;">
<tr style="background:#ede9ff;"><th style="padding:10px;text-align:left;">Direct (Doğrudan)</th><th style="padding:10px;text-align:center;">→</th><th style="padding:10px;text-align:left;">Reported (Dolaylı)</th></tr>
<tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #e8e4ff;"><td style="padding:8px;">Present Simple</td><td style="padding:8px;text-align:center;">→</td><td style="padding:8px;"><strong>Past Simple</strong></td></tr>
<tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #e8e4ff;"><td style="padding:8px;">Present Continuous</td><td style="padding:8px;text-align:center;">→</td><td style="padding:8px;"><strong>Past Continuous</strong></td></tr>
<tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #e8e4ff;"><td style="padding:8px;">Present Perfect</td><td style="padding:8px;text-align:center;">→</td><td style="padding:8px;"><strong>Past Perfect</strong></td></tr>
<tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #e8e4ff;"><td style="padding:8px;">Past Simple</td><td style="padding:8px;text-align:center;">→</td><td style="padding:8px;"><strong>Past Perfect</strong></td></tr>
<tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #e8e4ff;"><td style="padding:8px;">will</td><td style="padding:8px;text-align:center;">→</td><td style="padding:8px;"><strong>would</strong></td></tr>
<tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #e8e4ff;"><td style="padding:8px;">can</td><td style="padding:8px;text-align:center;">→</td><td style="padding:8px;"><strong>could</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td style="padding:8px;">must</td><td style="padding:8px;text-align:center;">→</td><td style="padding:8px;"><strong>had to</strong></td></tr></table></div>
<h4 style="color:#6c2bd9;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;margin:20px 0 10px;">Zaman/Yer Değişimleri</h4>
<div style="background:#f5f4ff;border-radius:12px;padding:16px;margin-bottom:16px;font-size:13px;">
<div style="display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:6px;">
<div>today → <strong>that day</strong></div><div>tomorrow → <strong>the next day</strong></div>
<div>yesterday → <strong>the day before</strong></div><div>now → <strong>then</strong></div>
<div>here → <strong>there</strong></div><div>this → <strong>that</strong></div></div></div>
<h4 style="color:#6c2bd9;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;margin:20px 0 10px;">Örnekler</h4>
<div style="background:#fef3dc;border-radius:12px;padding:14px;margin-bottom:10px;font-size:13px;">
<strong>Direct:</strong> "I <strong>am</strong> tired," she said.<br>
<strong>Reported:</strong> She said (that) she <strong>was</strong> tired.</div>
<div style="background:#d9faf2;border-radius:12px;padding:14px;font-size:13px;">
<strong>Direct:</strong> "I <strong>will come</strong> tomorrow," he said.<br>
<strong>Reported:</strong> He said (that) he <strong>would come</strong> the next day.</div>
<p>Reported Speech (Dolaylı Anlatım), birinin söylediğini <strong>kendi cümlemizle aktarmaktır</strong>. Aktarırken zamanlar bir adım geriye kayar.</p>
<h4 style="color:#6c2bd9;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;margin:20px 0 10px;">Zaman Kaydırma Tablosu</h4>
<div style="background:#fff;border:1.5px solid #e8e4ff;border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:16px;">
<table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:13px;">
<tr style="background:#ede9ff;"><th style="padding:10px;text-align:left;">Direct (Doğrudan)</th><th style="padding:10px;text-align:center;">→</th><th style="padding:10px;text-align:left;">Reported (Dolaylı)</th></tr>
<tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #e8e4ff;"><td style="padding:8px;">Present Simple</td><td style="padding:8px;text-align:center;">→</td><td style="padding:8px;"><strong>Past Simple</strong></td></tr>
<tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #e8e4ff;"><td style="padding:8px;">Present Continuous</td><td style="padding:8px;text-align:center;">→</td><td style="padding:8px;"><strong>Past Continuous</strong></td></tr>
<tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #e8e4ff;"><td style="padding:8px;">Present Perfect</td><td style="padding:8px;text-align:center;">→</td><td style="padding:8px;"><strong>Past Perfect</strong></td></tr>
<tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #e8e4ff;"><td style="padding:8px;">Past Simple</td><td style="padding:8px;text-align:center;">→</td><td style="padding:8px;"><strong>Past Perfect</strong></td></tr>
<tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #e8e4ff;"><td style="padding:8px;">will</td><td style="padding:8px;text-align:center;">→</td><td style="padding:8px;"><strong>would</strong></td></tr>
<tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #e8e4ff;"><td style="padding:8px;">can</td><td style="padding:8px;text-align:center;">→</td><td style="padding:8px;"><strong>could</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td style="padding:8px;">must</td><td style="padding:8px;text-align:center;">→</td><td style="padding:8px;"><strong>had to</strong></td></tr></table></div>
<h4 style="color:#6c2bd9;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;margin:20px 0 10px;">Zaman/Yer Değişimleri</h4>
<div style="background:#f5f4ff;border-radius:12px;padding:16px;margin-bottom:16px;font-size:13px;">
<div style="display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:6px;">
<div>today → <strong>that day</strong></div><div>tomorrow → <strong>the next day</strong></div>
<div>yesterday → <strong>the day before</strong></div><div>now → <strong>then</strong></div>
<div>here → <strong>there</strong></div><div>this → <strong>that</strong></div></div></div>
<h4 style="color:#6c2bd9;font-family:Montserrat,sans-serif;margin:20px 0 10px;">Örnekler</h4>
<div style="background:#fef3dc;border-radius:12px;padding:14px;margin-bottom:10px;font-size:13px;">
<strong>Direct:</strong> "I <strong>am</strong> tired," she said.<br>
<strong>Reported:</strong> She said (that) she <strong>was</strong> tired.</div>
<div style="background:#d9faf2;border-radius:12px;padding:14px;font-size:13px;">
<strong>Direct:</strong> "I <strong>will come</strong> tomorrow," he said.<br>
<strong>Reported:</strong> He said (that) he <strong>would come</strong> the next day.</div>
🇹🇷 Dolaylı anlatımda zamanlar bir adım geriye kayar. said + that + kaydırılmış zaman.
Örnek Cümleler
She said that she was tired. (Direct: I am tired)
He told me that he would come the next day.
İpucu / Tüyo
⚡ Reporting verb (said/told) geçmişse zaman kaydır. Şimdiki zamanda aktarıyorsan (says) kaydırma gerekmez.
YDS / YÖKDİL Notu
🎯 YDS/YÖKDİL: YDS'de Reported Speech zaman kaydırma soruları sık çıkar. Özellikle yer/zaman değişimleri test edilir.
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